Which term describes organisms that feed on detritus and contribute to nutrient cycling?

• A. Decomposer
• B. Detritivore
• C. Omnivore
• D. Herbivore

Answer: (A)

Organisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter release inorganic nutrients back into the environment, making them available for uptake again. Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, use enzymes to chemically break down complex molecules like cellulose and proteins into simpler, usable substances. This enzymatic breakdown is what drives nutrient cycling, turning dead material into nutrients plants and other organisms can reuse. Detritivores, like earthworms, do ingest detritus and help fragment it, but the process most closely tied to returning nutrients to the ecosystem through chemical conversion is decomposition by decomposers. Omnivores and herbivores don’t specialize in processing detritus, so they aren’t the best terms for this specific recycling role.