Match the term to definition: the energy required to raise the temperature of one gram by one degree Celsius.

• A. Specific Heat Capacity
• B. Surface Tension
• C. Water Molecule
• D. Cohesion

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is a material’s heat capacity per unit mass, which tells you how much energy is needed to raise its temperature. Specifically, the energy required to raise the temperature of one gram by one degree Celsius is the specific heat capacity. For water, this value is about 4.18 joules per gram per degree Celsius, so it takes roughly 4.18 J to heat 1 g of water by 1°C. That exact relationship—energy per gram per degree—is what the term describes, so it’s the correct match. The other concepts refer to different properties: surface tension is about the energy needed to create surface area, a water molecule is a single molecule, and cohesion is the attraction between like molecules—none of these describe the energy required to heat a mass by a temperature change.